Transformasi Teori Al-Milkiyyah dalam Sengketa Bangunan Harta Bersama di Atas Tanah Harta Bawaan
Keywords:
Al-Milkiyyah, Joint Property, Personal Property, Financial CompensationAbstract
The theory of al-milkiyyah as an instrument for protecting property rights in marriage has great potential in ensuring economic justice after divorce, but legal practice is often trapped in a rigid principle of accessibility that reduces rights to buildings to mere appendages of the status of land as marital property. In fact, in the context of philosophical reconstruction, contributions to buildings are a manifestation of material ownership that has important implications for asset protection (hifz al-mal) and distributive justice for husbands or wives. This study aims to analyse the ontological transformation of the theory of al-milkiyyah on the status of buildings on marital property, as well as to answer the rationality of the financial compensation mechanism of half the value of the building in the Supreme Court's decision through the integration of the theory of distributive justice and maqasid al-syariah. The method used is normative legal research with an Islamic legal philosophy approach, supported by qualitative analysis of classical fiqh literature, Supreme Court jurisprudence, and family law regulations in Indonesia. The results of the study show, first, that ownership rights to buildings have philosophically transformed from sole ownership to ‘Functional Dualism of Ownership,’ which separates the economic value of buildings from the legality of the land on which they stand. Second, this study offers the concept of maqasid al-syariah based on proportional justice, which legitimises financial compensation mechanisms as a fair and solution-oriented instrument for overcoming technical obstacles to the division of assets in kind. These findings broaden the horizons of Islamic civil procedural law towards substantive justice that is more adaptive to the dynamics of asset ownership in modern households.
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