The Dialectic of Hifz Al Bi'ah and the Concept of Daman as a Model of Structural Collective Responsibility for Ecological Disasters in Indonesia
Keywords:
Hifz al-Bi’ah, Daman, Ecocentric Maqasid , Ecological Disasters, Structural Responsibility.Abstract
Hifz al-bi'ah as an instrument of ecological protection in Islamic law has great potential in mitigating environmental crises, but legal practice often reduces its meaning to a mere ethical appeal without a structural and binding accountability mechanism (daman). In fact, in the context of philosophical reconstruction, the integration of nature conservation and legal responsibility is a manifestation of a collective responsibility model that has important implications for the restoration of spatial justice and ecosystem stability in Indonesia. This study aims to analyse the ontological basis of the obligation of hifz al-bi'ah as a form of the mandate of the caliphate, as well as to formulate the rationality of the concept of structural accountability for ecological disasters through the integration of ecocentric and Maqasid al-Syariah approaches. The method used is normative legal research with an Islamic legal philosophy approach, supported by qualitative analysis of classical fiqh literature, environmental regulations, and structural responsibility theory. The results of the study show, first, that the dialectic of hifz al-bi'ah and daman philosophically functions as an instrument of restoration against systemic failures that cause damage to nature. Second, this study offers an eco-centric reformulation of Maqasid al-Syariah that legitimises the collective-structural responsibility model as a legal framework to provide absolute protection for the environment and the rights of communities affected by disasters. These findings broaden the horizons of Islamic environmental law towards a more progressive and responsive substantive justice to the reality of the climate crisis in Indonesia.
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