Rekonstruksi Filosofis Hak Mut’ah Pascaperceraian sebagai "Al-I’tibar Al-Ma’nawi" melalui Integrasi Teori Modal Sosial dan Maqasid al-Syariah
Keywords:
Philosophical, Mut'ah, Al-I'tibar Al-Ma'nawi, Social Capital, MaqasidAbstract
Mut'ah as a legal protection instrument for women after divorce has great potential in guaranteeing dignity and economic independence, but legal practice often reduces its meaning to mere ‘consolation money’ without clear quantification standards. In fact, in the context of philosophical reconstruction, mut'ah is a manifestation of Al-I'tibar Al-Ma'nawi, which has important implications for restoring the bargaining position and stability of a wife's life. This study aims to analyse the ontological basis of the right to mut'ah as a form of respect for dignity, as well as to answer the rationality of the nominal standard of one year's alimony as per the trend of Supreme Court decisions through the integration of social capital theory and Maqasid al-Syariah. The method used is normative legal research with an Islamic legal philosophy approach, supported by qualitative analysis of classical fiqh literature, Supreme Court jurisprudence, and legal sociology theory. The results of the study show, first, that mut'ah rights philosophically function as seed capital to restore the ‘leakage’ of a wife's social capital due to divorce. Second, this study offers a Maqasid al-Syariah concept based on social capital that legitimises a nominal standard of one year as the minimum times period for women to achieve economic independence and protection of honour (Hifz al-'Ird). These findings broaden the horizons of Islamic family law towards more measurable substantive justice that is responsive to the sociological realities of women.
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